在火电汽轮机DEH调试工作中会碰到高压调节阀门抖动的问题,在遇到这种情况之时,就需要我们冷静分析,从现象找问题,从问题查方法。以下是我们从设计、调试角度阐述对此问题查诊、处理的方法,希望能给到电厂、调试单位一定的参考。
In DEH commissioning of thermal power steam turbine, the problem of high-pressure regulating valve jitter will be encountered. In this case, we need to calmly analyze, find problems from phenomena and find methods from problems. The following are the methods of diagnosis and treatment of this problem from the perspective of design and commissioning, hoping to give some reference to power plants and commissioning units.
超高压针阀一般采用角形单座结构,加工简单,阀座容易配换,阀芯为单导向结构。阀门角形单座结构流路简单,阻力小,适用于高压差、高粘度、含悬浮物和颗粒状物质流体,可以避免结焦和堵塞,也便于自净和清洗。阀芯和阀座是超高压针阀进行开关控制的两个核心零件,组成超高压针阀开关的动密封副。通过控制阀芯与阀座之间锥形密封面的接触与分离,实现阀通道的关闭和开启。阀芯与密封圈之间的圆周密封面构成阀的滑动密封副,用于保证阀室与外界的密封。阀芯采用针形,靠锥面密封,一般阀芯锥角为59°,阀座锥角为60°。实验证明在开锥孔时,锥角选取45°~60°时,孔边缘的应力集中系数小,且使应力出现在锥孔的小端。阀座锥角大,阀芯锥角小时,靠上表面密封,有利于提高阀的使用寿命.
Ultra high pressure needle valve generally adopts angular single seat structure, with simple processing, easy replacement of valve seat, and single guide structure of valve core. The angular single seat structure of the valve has simple flow path and low resistance. It is suitable for fluids with high pressure difference, high viscosity and containing suspended and granular substances. It can avoid coking and blockage, and is also convenient for self purification and cleaning. The valve core and valve seat are the two core parts of the ultra-high pressure needle valve for switching control, which form the dynamic sealing pair of the ultra-high pressure needle valve switch. By controlling the contact and separation of the conical sealing surface between the valve core and the valve seat, the valve channel can be closed and opened. The circumferential sealing surface between the valve core and the sealing ring constitutes the sliding sealing pair of the valve, which is used to ensure the sealing between the valve chamber and the outside world. The valve core is needle shaped and sealed by conical surface. Generally, the cone angle of the valve core is 59 ° and the cone angle of the valve seat is 60 °. Experiments show that when the cone angle is 45 ° ~ 60 °, the stress concentration factor at the edge of the hole is small, and the stress appears at the small end of the cone hole. Large cone angle of valve seat, small cone angle of valve core and sealing against the upper surface are conducive to improving the service life of the valve
在出现高压调阀抖动的情况时,我们可以查看阀门指令是否发生数据上的变化,来进行分别的处理。
In case of jitter of high-pressure regulating valve, we can first check whether the valve command changes in data for separate processing.
一、阀门指令未发生变化,那么问题就可能出现在伺服卡以及伺服阀之上。若是阀门指令未发生变化并且伺服卡输出稳定,则问题可能是伺服阀卡涩或者油动机与阀门连接有卡涩。若是此时伺服卡输出晃动,则可能的问题有:伺服卡PI参数不合理、阀位反馈波动(LVDT故障、LVDT屏蔽不良等问题引起)、伺服卡故障。
1、 If the valve command does not change, the problem may appear on the servo card and servo valve. If the valve command does not change and the servo card output is stable, the problem may be that the servo valve is jammed or the connection between the hydraulic servo motor and the valve is jammed. If the output of the servo card shakes at this time, the possible problems are: unreasonable PI parameters of the servo card, valve position feedback fluctuation (caused by LVDT fault, poor LVDT shielding and other problems), and servo card fault.
二、阀门指令自身发生变化,则我们需要查询为什么会出现指令的抖动。若是在并网之前就发生指令波动的问题,则原因可能有:转速PI参数不合理,引起过调;转速通道故障,引起转速信号的非正常波动,进而导致转速回路的输出波动。而转速通道故障的可能原因有:磁阻探头故障、转速屏蔽不良等。而若是在并网之后发生阀位指令波动,则原因可能有:功率、压力回路PI参数不合理,导致出现过调;阀门运行在流量曲线拐点处;一次调频转速波动;遥控指令波动等。
2、 If the valve command itself changes, we need to query why the command jitter occurs. If the command fluctuation occurs before grid connection, the reasons may be: the speed PI parameter is unreasonable, resulting in overshoot; Speed channel failure causes abnormal fluctuation of speed signal, which leads to output fluctuation of speed circuit. The possible causes of speed channel failure are: magnetoresistive probe failure, poor speed shielding, etc. If the valve position command fluctuates after grid connection, the reasons may be: unreasonable PI parameters of power and pressure circuit, resulting in over regulation; The valve operates at the inflection point of the flow curve; Primary frequency modulation speed fluctuation; Remote control command fluctuation, etc.
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