1、清洗法
1. Cleaning method
管路中的焊渣、铁锈、渣子等在节流口、导向部位、下阀盖平衡孔内造成堵塞或卡住使阀芯曲面、导向面产生拉伤和划痕、密封面上产生压痕等。这经常发生于新投运系统和大修后投运初期。这是更常见的故障。遇此情况，必须卸开进行清洗，除掉渣物，如密封面受到损伤还应研磨；同时将底塞打开，以冲掉从平衡孔掉入下阀盖内的渣物，并对管路进行冲洗。投运前，让调节阀全开，介质流动一段时间后再纳入正常运行。
Welding slag, rust and slag in the pipeline cause blockage or jamming in the orifice, guide part and balance hole of the lower bonnet, resulting in strain and scratch on the valve core surface and guide surface, indentation on the sealing surface, etc. This often occurs in the initial stage of new operation system and operation after overhaul. This is the most common fault. In this case, it must be removed for cleaning and slag removal. If the sealing surface is damaged, it shall also be ground; At the same time, open the bottom plug to flush the slag falling into the lower valve cover from the balance hole and flush the pipeline. Before putting into operation, fully open the regulating valve and bring the medium into normal operation after flowing for a period of time.
2、外接冲刷法
2. External scouring method
对一些易沉淀、含有固体颗粒的介质采用普通阀调节时，经常在节流口、导向处堵塞，可在下阀盖底塞处外接冲刷气体和蒸汽。当阀产生堵塞或卡住时，打开外接的气体或蒸气阀门，即可在不动调节阀的情况下完成冲洗工作，使阀正常运行。
When ordinary valves are used to regulate some media that are easy to precipitate and contain solid particles, they are often blocked at the throttle and guide, and scouring gas and steam can be connected outside the bottom plug of the lower valve cover. When the valve is blocked or stuck, open the external gas or steam valve to complete the flushing work without moving the regulating valve and make the valve operate normally.
3、安装管道过滤器法
3. Installation of pipeline filter
对小口径的调节阀，尤其是超小流量调节阀，其节流间隙特小，介质中不能有一点点渣物。遇此情况堵塞，在阀前管道上安装一个过滤器更好，以保证介质顺利通过。带定位器使用的调节阀，定位器工作不正常，其气路节流口堵塞是常见的故障。因此，带定位器工作时，处理好气源，通常采用的办法是在定位器前气源管线上安装空气过滤减压阀
For small-diameter regulating valves, especially ultra-small flow regulating valves, the throttling clearance is very small, and there can be no little slag in the medium. In case of blockage, it is better to install a filter on the pipeline in front of the valve to ensure the smooth passage of the medium. For the regulating valve with positioner, the positioner does not work normally, and the blockage of its gas path throttle is a common fault. Therefore, when working with the positioner, the common way to deal with the air source is to install an air filtration pressure reducing valve on the air source pipeline in front of the positioner
4、加大节流间隙法
4. Method of increasing throttling clearance
如介质中的固体颗粒或管道中被冲刷掉的焊渣和锈物等因过不了节流口造成堵塞、卡住等故障，可改用节流间隙大的节流件—节流面积为开窗、开口类的阀芯、套筒，因其节流面积集中而不是圆周分布的，故障就能很容易地被排除。如果是单、双座阀就可将柱塞形阀芯改为“V”形口的阀芯，或改成套筒阀等。例如某化工厂有一台双座阀经常卡住，改用套筒阀后，问题马上得到。
For example, the solid particles in the medium or the washed out welding slag and rust in the pipeline can not pass through the orifice, resulting in blockage, jamming and other faults. The throttling parts with large throttling clearance can be used - valve cores and sleeves with window and opening throttling area. Because the throttling area is concentrated rather than circular distribution, the fault can be easily eliminated. If it is a single or double seat valve, the plunger valve core can be changed into a valve core with "V" port, or into a sleeve valve, etc. For example, a two seat valve in a chemical plant is often stuck. It is recommended to use sleeve valve, and the problem will be solved immediately.
5、介质冲刷法
5. Medium scouring method
利用介质自身的冲刷，冲刷和带走易沉淀、易堵塞的东西，从而提高阀的防堵功能。常见的方法有：①改作流闭型使用；②采用流线型阀体；③将节流口置于冲刷厉害处，采用此法要注意提高节流件材料的耐冲蚀能力。
Use the scouring of the medium itself to scour and take away things that are easy to precipitate and block, so as to improve the anti blocking function of the valve. The common methods are: ① change to flow closed type; ② Adopt streamlined valve body; ③ Place the throttling port at the place with severe scouring, and pay attention to improving the erosion resistance of throttling material.
6、直通改为角形法
6. Straight through to angular method
直通为倒S流动，流路复杂，上、下容腔死区多，为介质的沉淀提供了地方。角形连接，介质犹如流过90℃弯头，冲刷性能好，死区小，易设计成流线形。因此，使用直通的调节阀产生轻微堵塞时可改成角形阀使用。
The direct flow is inverted s flow, the flow path is complex, and there are many dead zones in the upper and lower cavities, which provides a place for medium precipitation. Angular connection, the medium is like flowing through a 90 ℃ elbow, with good scouring performance and small dead zone, which is easy to be designed into a flow line. Therefore, the use of straight through control valve can be changed to angle valve when it is slightly blocked.
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